Aorto-ventricular tunnel is a rare congenital heart defect in which a tunnel-like connection is formed between the aorta and the right ventricle of the heart. This connection allows oxygen-rich blood from the aorta to mix with oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle, resulting in a decrease in oxygen levels in the body. Treatment for this condition typically involves surgery to close the tunnel and restore normal blood flow.

The symptoms of Aorto-ventricular tunnel can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, dizziness, fatigue, and fainting. In more severe cases, symptoms may include heart failure, arrhythmias, and even sudden death.

Aorto-ventricular tunnel is a rare congenital heart defect that occurs when the aorta and the pulmonary artery are connected by a tunnel-like structure. This defect is caused by abnormal development of the aortic arch during fetal development. It is believed to be caused by genetic mutations, environmental factors, or a combination of both.

1. Surgery: Surgery is the most common treatment for aorto-ventricular tunnel. During the procedure, the surgeon will make an incision in the chest and then repair the tunnel by closing the hole in the aorta and connecting the aorta to the ventricle.

2. Medication: Medication may be prescribed to help reduce the symptoms of aorto-ventricular tunnel. These medications may include diuretics, beta-blockers, and ACE inhibitors.

3. Lifestyle Changes: Making lifestyle changes such as avoiding strenuous activities and maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the symptoms of aorto-ventricular tunnel.

4. Cardiac Catheterization: Cardiac catheterization is a procedure that can be used to diagnose aorto-ventricular tunnel. During the procedure,

1. Congenital heart defects
2. Genetic predisposition
3. Premature birth
4. Low birth weight
5. Maternal diabetes
6. Maternal smoking
7. Maternal alcohol consumption
8. Maternal drug use
9. Maternal infections during pregnancy
10. Family history of aorto-ventricular tunnel

At present, there is no cure for aorto-ventricular tunnel. However, medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers may be used to manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. Surgery may also be recommended to repair the tunnel and improve blood flow.