Total early-onset cataract is a rare condition in which the lens of the eye becomes completely opaque at an early age, usually before the age of two. It can cause severe vision impairment or blindness. Treatment typically involves surgically removing the affected lens and replacing it with an artificial one.

The most common symptoms of total early-onset cataract include:

-Cloudy or blurry vision

-Sensitivity to light

-Halos around lights

-Double vision

-Fading or yellowing of colors

-Decreased night vision

-Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescription

-Frequent changes in the need for brighter light when reading

1. Genetic mutations: Certain genetic mutations can cause early-onset cataracts. These mutations can be inherited from a parent or can occur spontaneously.

2. Metabolic disorders: Metabolic disorders such as diabetes, galactosemia, and hypothyroidism can cause early-onset cataracts.

3. Trauma: Trauma to the eye can cause early-onset cataracts.

4. Medications: Certain medications, such as steroids, can cause early-onset cataracts.

5. Radiation: Exposure to radiation, such as X-rays, can cause early-onset cataracts.

6. Infections: Certain infections, such as rubella, can cause early-onset cataracts.

The treatment for total early-onset cataract is typically surgical removal of the lens and replacement with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). This procedure is known as cataract surgery. During the procedure, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with an artificial lens. The surgery is usually done under local anesthesia and takes about 30 minutes. After the surgery, the patient may need to wear glasses or contact lenses to correct any residual refractive errors.

1. Genetic predisposition: Certain genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing early-onset cataracts.

2. Diabetes: People with diabetes are more likely to develop cataracts at an earlier age.

3. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light: Prolonged exposure to UV light can damage the lens of the eye and increase the risk of developing cataracts.

4. Smoking: Smoking increases the risk of developing cataracts.

5. Certain medications: Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, can increase the risk of developing cataracts.

6. Previous eye injury or surgery: Previous eye injury or surgery can increase the risk of developing cataracts.

7. Poor nutrition: Poor nutrition can increase the risk of developing cataracts.

Total early-onset cataract is treated with surgery. The surgery involves removing the cloudy lens and replacing it with an artificial lens. Medications are not used to treat this condition.