Pseudopelade of Brocq is a rare form of scarring alopecia, a type of hair loss disorder. It is characterized by patchy, non-scarring hair loss on the scalp, which can progress to total baldness. It is believed to be caused by an autoimmune reaction, in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles. Treatment options are limited and there is no known cure.

The most common symptoms of Pseudopelade of Brocq are:

1. Round or oval patches of hair loss on the scalp.

2. Patches of hair loss that may be itchy or painful.

3. Patches of hair loss that may be accompanied by redness, scaling, or crusting.

4. Patches of hair loss that may be slow to heal or may not heal at all.

5. Patches of hair loss that may spread to other areas of the scalp or body.

6. Patches of hair loss that may be permanent.

The exact cause of pseudopelade of Brocq is unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, meaning that the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells and tissues. Other possible causes include genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and certain medications.

The treatments for Pseudopelade of Brocq include topical and systemic medications, such as corticosteroids, minoxidil, and immunosuppressants. In some cases, light therapy, such as laser or photodynamic therapy, may be used to help stimulate hair growth. In severe cases, hair transplantation may be recommended.

The risk factors for Pseudopelade of Brocq include:

1. Age: Pseudopelade of Brocq is more common in people over the age of 40.

2. Gender: Women are more likely to develop Pseudopelade of Brocq than men.

3. Ethnicity: Pseudopelade of Brocq is more common in people of African descent.

4. Family history: People with a family history of Pseudopelade of Brocq are more likely to develop the condition.

5. Stress: Stress can trigger or worsen the condition.

6. Sun exposure: Prolonged sun exposure can increase the risk of developing Pseudopelade of Brocq.

There is no known cure for Pseudopelade of Brocq. Treatment is focused on managing the symptoms and preventing further hair loss. This may include topical medications such as minoxidil, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants. In some cases, hair transplantation may be recommended.