Progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma (PSEK) is a rare genetic skin disorder characterized by symmetrical, red, scaly patches on the skin. It is caused by mutations in the GJB3 gene, which is responsible for the production of a protein called connexin 31. This protein helps to form gap junctions, which are channels that allow cells to communicate with each other. People with PSEK typically experience red, scaly patches on the skin that may become thicker and darker over time. The patches may also become itchy and painful. Treatment for PSEK is typically focused on managing symptoms and preventing infection.

The symptoms of Progressive Symmetric Erythrokeratoderma (PSEK) include:

-Thickened, scaly patches of skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
-Redness and swelling of the skin
-Itching and Burning sensation
-Blisters and ulcers on the affected areas
-Thickening of the nails
-Thickening of the skin on the face, neck, and scalp
-Hair loss in the affected areas

The exact cause of progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma (PSEK) is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors may include mutations in the GJB3 gene, which is responsible for the production of a protein called connexin 31. Environmental factors may include exposure to certain chemicals, ultraviolet radiation, and certain medications.

The treatments for Progressive Symmetric Erythrokeratoderma (PSEK) vary depending on the severity of the condition. Treatment options may include topical corticosteroids, topical retinoids, phototherapy, systemic retinoids, and immunosuppressants. In some cases, surgical removal of affected skin may be necessary. Additionally, lifestyle modifications such as avoiding triggers, using moisturizers, and wearing protective clothing can help reduce symptoms.

The exact cause of Progressive Symmetric Erythrokeratoderma (PSEK) is unknown, but there are several risk factors that may increase the likelihood of developing the condition. These include:

• Family history of PSEK
• Exposure to certain chemicals or environmental toxins
• Certain medications, such as antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, thyroid disease, and HIV/AIDS
• Certain genetic mutations, such as those in the GJB2 gene
• Certain skin conditions, such as psoriasis and eczema

At this time, there is no known cure for Progressive Symmetric Erythrokeratoderma. However, there are medications that can help to reduce the symptoms and improve the quality of life for those affected. These medications include topical corticosteroids, calcipotriol, and retinoids. Additionally, phototherapy and laser treatments may be used to reduce the appearance of the skin lesions.