Non-syndromic metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis are two types of craniosynostosis, which is a condition in which the bones of the skull fuse together too early. In non-syndromic metopic craniosynostosis, the bones of the forehead fuse together prematurely, resulting in a triangular-shaped head. In non-syndromic sagittal craniosynostosis, the bones of the skull fuse together along the midline, resulting in a long, narrow head shape. Both conditions can cause a variety of physical and developmental issues, including vision problems, hearing loss, and cognitive delays. Treatment typically involves surgery to correct the skull shape and release the fused bones.

The most common symptoms of non-syndromic metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis include:
* An abnormally shaped head, with a triangular shape in the case of metopic craniosynostosis and a long, narrow shape in the case of sagittal craniosynostosis
* A prominent forehead
* A high, narrow roof of the mouth
* A flattened back of the head
* A wide space between the eyes
* A wide space between the ears
* A wide space between the eyebrows
* A wide space between the upper and lower jaw
* A wide space between the upper and lower teeth
* A wide space between the upper and lower lips
* A wide space between the nose and upper lip
* A wide space between the nose and lower lip
* A wide space between

Non-syndromic metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors include mutations in certain genes, such as FGFR2, TWIST1, and MSX2. Environmental factors include maternal smoking, alcohol consumption, and certain medications taken during pregnancy.

Non-syndromic metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis are typically treated with surgery. The goal of the surgery is to reshape the skull and allow for normal brain growth. Depending on the severity of the condition, the surgery may involve removing a portion of the skull bone, reshaping the bone, and using plates and screws to hold the bone in place. In some cases, a helmet may be used to help reshape the skull. In addition to surgery, physical therapy may be recommended to help improve the range of motion of the neck and head.

1. Family history of craniosynostosis
2. Premature birth
3. Low birth weight
4. Exposure to certain medications or drugs during pregnancy
5. Exposure to certain environmental toxins during pregnancy
6. Genetic mutations or chromosomal abnormalities

Non-syndromic metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis are treated with surgery. The goal of the surgery is to reshape the skull and allow for normal brain growth. Medications are not typically used to treat these conditions.