Nasal encephalocele is a rare birth defect in which a portion of the brain and the surrounding tissue protrude through an opening in the skull. It is usually located in the nasal area, but can also occur in other parts of the head. The protrusion is covered by a thin membrane and can contain cerebrospinal fluid, brain tissue, and/or meninges. Treatment typically involves surgical repair to close the opening and prevent further damage to the brain.

The most common symptoms of nasal encephalocele include:

-A visible bulge or lump on the face, usually near the nose
-Nasal congestion
-Nasal discharge
-Facial deformity
-Cranial nerve palsy
-Cerebral palsy
-Developmental delays
-Seizures
-Hearing loss
-Vision problems
-Cognitive impairment

Nasal encephalocele is a rare birth defect caused by a failure of the neural tube to close properly during fetal development. It is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to certain medications, alcohol, and certain infections during pregnancy.

The treatment for nasal encephalocele depends on the size and location of the encephalocele. Treatment may include surgery to repair the defect, as well as medications to reduce swelling and inflammation. In some cases, a shunt may be placed to drain excess fluid from the brain. In severe cases, a craniectomy may be necessary to remove the encephalocele. In addition, physical therapy may be recommended to help improve the patient's strength and coordination.

1. Premature birth
2. Low birth weight
3. Genetic disorders such as Down syndrome
4. Maternal infections during pregnancy
5. Maternal drug or alcohol use during pregnancy
6. Maternal exposure to radiation or certain medications during pregnancy
7. Family history of Nasal encephalocele

Nasal encephaloceles are usually treated surgically. Depending on the size and location of the encephalocele, the surgery may involve repairing the skull defect, removing the encephalocele sac, and reconstructing the nasal cavity. Medications are not typically used to treat nasal encephaloceles.