Carnosinase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme carnosinase. This enzyme is responsible for breaking down the dipeptide carnosine, which is found in high concentrations in muscle and brain tissue. People with this disorder have an accumulation of carnosine in their bodies, which can lead to a variety of neurological and muscular symptoms. These can include seizures, developmental delays, muscle weakness, and movement disorders.

The symptoms of Carnosinase deficiency can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:

-Developmental delay
-Intellectual disability
-Seizures
-Movement disorders
-Autism spectrum disorder
-Behavioral problems
-Speech and language delays
-Growth delays
-Feeding difficulties
-Hypotonia (low muscle tone)
-Weakness
-Vision and hearing problems
-Heart defects
-Kidney problems
-Gastrointestinal issues
-Skin problems

Carnosinase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CNDP1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called carnosinase, which breaks down a compound called carnosine. Mutations in the CNDP1 gene reduce or eliminate the activity of carnosinase, leading to a buildup of carnosine in the body. This buildup can cause a variety of symptoms, including intellectual disability, seizures, and movement problems.

The primary treatment for Carnosinase deficiency is dietary management. This includes avoiding foods that are high in carnosinase, such as beef, pork, and fish. It is also important to limit the intake of foods that are high in histidine, such as eggs, cheese, and nuts. Additionally, supplementation with carnosine may be beneficial in some cases. Other treatments may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and medications to help manage symptoms.

The primary risk factor for Carnosinase deficiency is genetic inheritance. This condition is caused by mutations in the CNDP1 gene, which is passed down from parents to their children. Other risk factors include environmental factors, such as exposure to certain toxins, and certain medical conditions, such as diabetes.

At this time, there is no cure for Carnosinase deficiency. However, there are medications that can help manage the symptoms of the disorder. These medications include anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, and medications to help with sleep. Additionally, physical therapy and occupational therapy can help improve muscle strength and coordination.