Lumbosacral spina bifida aperta is a birth defect in which the bones of the spine (vertebrae) do not form properly around the spinal cord. This can cause the spinal cord and the nerves that branch out from it to be exposed, leading to a range of physical and neurological problems. It is the most severe form of spina bifida.

Symptoms of lumbosacral spina bifida aperta can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:

- Weakness or Paralysis of the legs
- Loss of sensation in the legs
- Urinary and/or bowel incontinence
- Abnormal curvature of the spine
- Abnormal positioning of the hips
- Abnormal gait
- Pain in the lower back or legs
- Difficulty walking
- Abnormal development of the feet
- Hydrocephalus (accumulation of fluid in the brain)

The exact cause of lumbosacral spina bifida aperta is unknown, but it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some of the potential risk factors include:

• Family history of neural tube defects
• Low levels of folic acid in the mother during pregnancy
• Exposure to certain medications or chemicals during pregnancy
• Maternal obesity
• Maternal diabetes
• Maternal age (over 35)
• Race (higher incidence in Hispanic and African American populations)

1. Surgery: Surgery is the most common treatment for lumbosacral spina bifida aperta. The goal of surgery is to close the spinal defect and prevent further damage to the spinal cord and nerves.

2. Physical Therapy: Physical therapy can help improve strength, flexibility, and mobility in the affected area.

3. Medications: Medications may be prescribed to help manage pain and other symptoms associated with lumbosacral spina bifida aperta.

4. Assistive Devices: Assistive devices such as braces, walkers, and wheelchairs can help improve mobility and independence.

5. Alternative Therapies: Alternative therapies such as acupuncture, massage, and yoga may help reduce pain and improve mobility.

1. Family history of neural tube defects
2. Maternal diabetes
3. Maternal obesity
4. Maternal use of certain medications, such as anticonvulsants, during pregnancy
5. Maternal folic acid deficiency
6. Maternal exposure to certain environmental toxins, such as pesticides
7. Maternal age over 35
8. Low socioeconomic status
9. Low maternal education level
10. Maternal smoking during pregnancy

Yes, there is a cure for lumbosacral spina bifida aperta. The most common treatment is surgery to close the spinal defect and repair any associated nerve damage. Other treatments may include physical therapy, medications to reduce pain and spasticity, and orthopedic braces.