Late-onset nephronophthisis is a rare genetic disorder that affects the kidneys. It is characterized by progressive kidney damage, leading to kidney failure. Symptoms usually begin in adulthood, but can start in childhood. Symptoms include high blood pressure, swelling, proteinuria, and anemia. Treatment typically involves dialysis or a kidney transplant.

The symptoms of Late-onset nephronophthisis can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but may include:

-High blood pressure
-Swelling of the legs, feet, and/or abdomen
-Fatigue
-Loss of appetite
-Weight loss
-Nausea and vomiting
-Frequent urination
-Dark-colored urine
-Itching
-Muscle cramps
-Decreased urine output
-Decreased kidney function
-Anemia
-High levels of protein in the urine
-High levels of calcium in the urine
-High levels of potassium in the blood

The exact cause of late-onset nephronophthisis is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Mutations in certain genes, such as NPHP1, NPHP3, and INVS, have been linked to the development of late-onset nephronophthisis. Additionally, environmental factors, such as exposure to certain toxins, may also play a role in the development of this condition.

Treatment for late-onset nephronophthisis is primarily supportive and aimed at managing symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. This may include medications to reduce swelling, control blood pressure, and manage electrolyte imbalances. Dialysis or a kidney transplant may be necessary in some cases. Other treatments may include dietary modifications, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.

1. Genetic mutations: Mutations in certain genes, such as NPHP1, NPHP3, and INVS, are known to cause late-onset nephronophthisis.

2. Family history: Having a family history of nephronophthisis increases the risk of developing the condition.

3. Age: Late-onset nephronophthisis is more common in adults than in children.

4. Gender: Late-onset nephronophthisis is more common in males than in females.

5. Ethnicity: Late-onset nephronophthisis is more common in people of European descent than in other ethnic groups.