Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ic (FCD Ic) is a rare form of focal cortical dysplasia, a type of brain malformation. It is characterized by abnormal development of the brain's cortex, the outer layer of the brain. FCD Ic is associated with seizures, developmental delays, and intellectual disability. Treatment typically involves medications and/or surgery.

The symptoms of Isolated Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type Ic can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but may include:

- Seizures

- Developmental delays

- Motor deficits

- Cognitive deficits

- Speech and language delays

- Visual disturbances

- Abnormal EEG findings

- Abnormal MRI findings

- Abnormal behavior

The exact cause of Isolated Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type Ic (IFCD Ic) is unknown. It is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some research suggests that it may be caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for the development of the brain's cortex, or by a disruption in the normal development of the brain's cortex. Other research suggests that it may be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, such as exposure to certain toxins or infections during pregnancy.

1. Surgery: Surgery is the primary treatment for Isolated Focal Cortical Dysplasia type Ic. The goal of surgery is to remove the abnormal tissue and to reduce the risk of seizures.

2. Medication: Anti-seizure medications may be prescribed to help control seizures.

3. Dietary Therapy: Dietary therapy may be recommended to help reduce the frequency and severity of seizures.

4. Neurostimulation: Neurostimulation techniques such as vagus nerve stimulation or deep brain stimulation may be used to help reduce the frequency and severity of seizures.

5. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy may be recommended to help manage the psychological effects of the condition.

1. Genetic predisposition: Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ic is believed to be caused by a genetic mutation.

2. Age: Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ic is most commonly diagnosed in children and young adults.

3. Gender: Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ic is more common in males than females.

4. Family history: A family history of Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ic increases the risk of developing the condition.

5. Environmental factors: Exposure to certain environmental toxins or radiation may increase the risk of developing Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type Ic.

At this time, there is no known cure for Isolated Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type Ic. However, medications such as antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can be used to help control seizures associated with this condition. Additionally, surgery may be recommended to remove the affected area of the brain in order to reduce the risk of seizures.