Familial congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (FCNDO) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the tear ducts. It is caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for the development of the nasolacrimal duct, which is the tube that carries tears from the eyes to the nose. Symptoms of FCNDO include excessive tearing, recurrent eye infections, and a blocked tear duct. Treatment typically involves surgery to open the blocked tear duct and allow tears to drain properly.

The most common symptom of familial congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is excessive tearing (epiphora). Other symptoms may include:

- Eye irritation
- Eye redness
- Eye discharge
- Swelling of the eyelids
- Blocked tear ducts
- Recurrent eye infections
- Vision problems
- Difficulty closing the eyes

The exact cause of familial congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Possible causes include:

- Abnormal development of the nasolacrimal duct during fetal development

- Abnormalities in the structure of the nasolacrimal duct

- Abnormalities in the muscles and tissues that surround the nasolacrimal duct

- Abnormalities in the tear ducts

- Infections or inflammation of the nasolacrimal duct

- Trauma to the face or head

- Certain medications or toxins

- Certain genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome or Turner syndrome

1. Nasolacrimal Duct Probing: This is a surgical procedure that involves inserting a probe into the tear duct to open the blockage.

2. Intubation: This is a procedure that involves inserting a small tube into the tear duct to keep it open.

3. Balloon Dilation: This is a procedure that involves inserting a balloon into the tear duct and inflating it to open the blockage.

4. Surgery: This is a more invasive procedure that involves making an incision in the tear duct to open the blockage.

5. Medication: Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat any infection that may be causing the obstruction.

1. Family history of the condition
2. Premature birth
3. Low birth weight
4. Down syndrome
5. Cleft lip or palate
6. Craniofacial anomalies
7. Trauma to the face or head
8. Infections of the eye or nose

Yes, there are treatments available for familial congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. These include medications such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids, as well as surgical procedures such as dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and balloon dilation.