Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN) is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the skin and small- to medium-sized arteries. It is characterized by inflammation of the walls of the arteries, which can lead to skin lesions, ulcers, and other symptoms. CPAN is thought to be caused by an abnormal immune response to an infection or other trigger. Treatment typically involves medications to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation.

The most common symptoms of cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN) include:

-Skin rash or lesions, usually on the lower legs, feet, and hands
-Painful, tender, or swollen areas of the skin
-Fever
-Fatigue
-Weight loss
-Joint pain
-Muscle pain
-Abdominal pain
-Numbness or Tingling in the hands and feet
-Raynaud's phenomenon (cold fingers and toes)
-High blood pressure
-Kidney problems
-Liver problems
-Eye problems, such as Blurred vision or vision loss

The exact cause of cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN) is unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, meaning that the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy tissues. Possible triggers for CPAN include infections, medications, and certain environmental factors.

The main treatment for cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa is corticosteroids, such as prednisone. Other medications, such as cyclophosphamide, may also be used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged blood vessels. In severe cases, plasmapheresis (a process of removing and replacing the blood plasma) may be used to reduce inflammation.

1. Smoking: Smoking is the most significant risk factor for developing cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN).

2. Age: CPAN is more common in people over the age of 50.

3. Gender: CPAN is more common in men than in women.

4. Ethnicity: CPAN is more common in people of Asian and African descent.

5. Infections: Certain infections, such as hepatitis B and C, may increase the risk of developing CPAN.

6. Medications: Certain medications, such as certain antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, may increase the risk of developing CPAN.

There is no cure for cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN). Treatment typically involves medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. These medications may include corticosteroids, such as prednisone, and immunosuppressants, such as cyclophosphamide or azathioprine. In some cases, other medications, such as methotrexate or rituximab, may be used.