Congenital supravalvular mitral ring (CSMR) is a rare congenital heart defect in which the mitral valve is surrounded by an extra band of tissue. This band of tissue can cause the valve to become narrowed, leading to a decrease in blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. Symptoms of CSMR can include shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. Treatment for CSMR typically involves surgery to remove the extra band of tissue and repair the mitral valve.

The most common symptoms of Congenital supravalvular mitral ring are a heart murmur, shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, and palpitations. Other symptoms may include dizziness, fainting, and swelling of the legs and feet.

Congenital supravalvular mitral ring is a rare congenital heart defect that is caused by abnormal development of the mitral valve during fetal development. The exact cause of this condition is unknown, but it is believed to be related to genetic factors. Other possible causes include environmental factors, such as exposure to certain medications or toxins, or maternal health conditions during pregnancy.

1. Surgery: Surgery is the most common treatment for congenital supravalvular mitral ring. The goal of the surgery is to widen the ring and restore normal blood flow through the heart.

2. Medication: Medications such as diuretics and ACE inhibitors may be prescribed to help reduce the pressure in the heart and improve blood flow.

3. Catheterization: In some cases, a catheter may be used to widen the ring and improve blood flow.

4. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair: This procedure involves using a catheter to insert a device into the heart to widen the ring and improve blood flow.

5. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement: This procedure involves replacing the mitral valve with a prosthetic valve.

1. Maternal diabetes
2. Maternal use of certain medications during pregnancy
3. Family history of congenital heart defects
4. Chromosomal abnormalities
5. Exposure to certain environmental toxins
6. Premature birth

There is no cure for congenital supravalvular mitral ring. However, medications such as beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics may be used to help manage symptoms. Surgery may also be recommended in some cases.