Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G is a rare, inherited neurological disorder that affects the peripheral nerves. It is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting, especially in the lower legs and feet, as well as sensory loss in the feet and hands. It is caused by mutations in the GDAP1 gene. Symptoms usually begin in childhood or adolescence and worsen over time. Treatment is supportive and may include physical therapy, orthotics, and medications.

The symptoms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G vary from person to person, but may include:

- Muscle Weakness and wasting in the lower legs and feet

- Loss of sensation in the lower legs and feet

- High arches

- Hammertoes

- Foot drop

- Difficulty walking

- Loss of balance

- Pain in the lower legs and feet

- Abnormal gait

- Difficulty climbing stairs

- Difficulty running or jumping

- Difficulty with fine motor skills

- Loss of reflexes in the lower legs and feet

- Loss of muscle strength in the hands and arms

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G is caused by mutations in the SH3TC2 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in the development and maintenance of the peripheral nervous system. Mutations in this gene lead to the production of an abnormal version of the protein, which disrupts the normal functioning of the peripheral nerves.

The treatments for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G vary depending on the severity of the condition. Generally, treatments focus on managing symptoms and preventing further progression of the disease. These treatments may include:

• Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help improve muscle strength, flexibility, and coordination.

• Orthotics: Orthotics, such as braces, splints, and orthopedic shoes, can help support weakened muscles and joints.

• Medications: Certain medications, such as anticonvulsants, can help reduce nerve pain.

• Surgery: Surgery may be recommended to correct deformities or to release pressure on nerves.

• Assistive devices: Assistive devices, such as canes, walkers, and wheelchairs, can help improve mobility.

The risk factors for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G include:

1. Family history: Individuals with a family history of CMT4G are at an increased risk of developing the condition.

2. Age: CMT4G is more common in adults than in children.

3. Gender: CMT4G is more common in males than in females.

4. Ethnicity: CMT4G is more common in individuals of European descent.

At this time, there is no cure for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4G. However, there are medications and treatments available to help manage the symptoms of the disease. These include physical therapy, occupational therapy, braces, splints, and medications to help reduce pain and improve muscle strength.